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| International Convention for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas
The International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) is an intergovernmental organization responsible for the management and conservation of tuna and tuna-like species in the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas. The organization was established in 1969, at a conference in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and operates in English, French and Spanish. The organisation has been strongly criticised by scientists for its repeated failure to conserve the sustainability of the tuna fishery by consistently supporting over-fishing – an internal review branded ICCAT's policies on the eastern Atlantic bluefin tuna fishery a "travesty of fisheries management", and an "international disgrace". Conservationists often refer to ICCAT as "The International Conspiracy to Catch All Tuna".〔''BBC news'', (Last rites for a marine marvel? )〕
However, in recent years the organization seems to be turning around. For the most iconic species within its management, the Eastern Bluefin Tuna, a very strict recovery plan was adopted. It is too early to judge its final outcome, but initial indications are encouraging. In general, ICCAT contracting parties seem to have agreed to steer the organization into a direction of relying on sound science, insisting on compliance and following a good governance model.
==Species under management==
Tuna and tuna-like fishes are highly migratory, and stocks cross numerous international boundaries. ICCAT is involved in management of 30 species, including the Atlantic bluefin (''Thunnus thynnus thynnus''), yellowfin (''T. albacares''), albacore (''T. alalunga'') and bigeye tuna (''T. obesus''); from the billfishes, swordfish (''Xiphias gladius''), white marlin (''Tetrapturus albidus''), blue marlin (''Makaira nigricans''), sailfish (''Istiophorus albicans''); mackerels such as spotted Spanish mackerel (''Scomberomorus maculatus'') and king mackerel (''S. cavalla''); and, small tunas like skipjack tuna (''Katsuwonus pelamis'').
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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